初中英语典型错误100例
61. 这篇作文总的说来写得非常不错, 只不过有几个拼写错误。
误:The composition is very good except a few spelling mistakes in it.
正:The composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes in it.
析:except和 except for 均可表示“除外”,但前者主要用于谈论相同种类事物,后者则主要用于谈论不相同种类的事物,特别用于对前面所提到的事实作修正说明。
62. 这个问题非常重要,大家会进一步讨论它。
误:This problem is very important. We’ll farther discuss it.
正:This problem is very important. We’ll further discuss it.
析:far 的比较级有两种形式,即 farther 和 further。在英国英语中,两者均可用来指距离,但若用于引申义,表示“更进一步”时,则无论是英国英语还是美国英语均只可以用 further。
63. 我相信最后所有都会好起来的。
误:I’m sure everything will turn out all right finally.
正:I’m sure everything will turn out all right in the end.
析:finally 和 in the end 均可表示“最后”,但前者不需要来谈论以后的事,而后者则可用来谈论以后。注:表示类似意思的 at last 也不如此用。
64. 这个东西你找到有多长时间了?
误:How long did you find it?
正:How long ago did you find it?
析:find 是终止性动词,一般不与一段时间连用。类似地,不可以说:Ifound it for three days. 可改为:I found it three days ago. 这东西我是三天前找到的。
65. 我开始不想去, 但我非常快就改变了主意。
误:First I didn’t want to go, but I soon changed my mind.
正:At first I didn’t want to go, but I soon changed my mind.
析:first 与 at first不同:前者意为“先……”,用来讲明顺序,暗示接下去还有其它动作或事件要发生,因此其后总是接有then, next, last 等词;而后者意为“起初”“开始”,它强调的是前后对照,暗示接下去的动作与前面的动词有所不同甚至相反,因此常有 but, afterwards, soon, at last等相呼应。再如:Think first, then act. 先想了解再做。At first I didn’t like her, but now I do. 起初我不喜欢她,但我目前喜欢了。
66. 他把雨伞忘在公共汽车上了。
误:He forgot his umbrella on the bus.
正:He left his umbrella on the bus.
析:用 forget 表示遗忘某物时,注意它一般不与具体地址连用,若出现了具体地址,最好换成其它动词。
67. 他在欧洲期间,参观过很多地方。
误:During he was in Europe, he visited many places.
误:During in Europe, he visited many places.
正:During his stay in Europe, he visited many places.
正:While he was in Europe, he visited many places.
析:during是介词,不是连词,所以不需要来引导句子;同时也因为本身是介词,所以不可以再后接介词短语。
68. 他们每个人都有一本英汉词典。
误:They each have an English-Chinese dictionary.
正:They each have an English-Chinese dictionary.
析:从语法上剖析,句子的主语不是each,而是they,故其后的谓语要用复数。(注:each 在此用作主语的同位语)
69. 太阳从东方升起。
误:The sun rises from the east.
正:The sun rises in the east.
析:汉语说“太阳从东方升起”,其实是指太阳升起“在”东方,所以用介词 in,不需要from。比较:The wind is blowing from the east. 风从东方吹来。
70. 请随意吃。
误:Please eat.
正:Please help yourself.
析:汉语说“请随意吃”,说成英语习惯上用 help yourself。